Physics

Topology-dependent quantum dynamics and entanglement-dependent topological pumping in superconducting qubit chains

PRA: Quantum information - 1 hour 48 min ago

Author(s): Feng Mei, Gang Chen, Lin Tian, Shi-Liang Zhu, and Suotang Jia

We propose a protocol using a tunable Xmon qubit chain to construct generalized Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) models that support various topological phases. We study the time evolution of a single-excitation quantum state in a SSH-type qubit chain and find that such dynamics is linked to the topologic...

[Phys. Rev. A 98, 032323] Published Fri Sep 21, 2018

Categories: Journals, Physics

Family of coherence measures and duality between quantum coherence and path distinguishability

PRA: Quantum information - 1 hour 48 min ago

Author(s): Chunhe Xiong, Asutosh Kumar, and Junde Wu

Coherence measures and their operational interpretations lay the cornerstone of coherence theory. In this paper, we introduce a class of coherence measures with α affinity, say α affinity of coherence for α∈(0,1). Furthermore, we obtain the analytic formulas for these coherence measures and study th...

[Phys. Rev. A 98, 032324] Published Fri Sep 21, 2018

Categories: Journals, Physics

Dissipative self-interference and robustness of continuous error-correction to miscalibration. (arXiv:1809.07324v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

We derive an effective equation of motion within the steady-state subspace of a large family of Markovian open systems (i.e., Lindbladians) due to perturbations of their Hamiltonians and system-bath couplings. Under mild and realistic conditions, competing dissipative processes destructively interfere without the need for fine-tuning and produce no dissipation within the steady-state subspace. In quantum error-correction, these effects imply that continuously error-correcting Lindbladians are robust to calibration errors, including miscalibrations consisting of operators undetectable by the code. A similar interference is present in more general systems if one implements a particular Hamiltonian drive, resulting in a coherent cancellation of dissipation. On the opposite extreme, we provide a simple implementation of universal Lindbladian simulation.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Spectrum, Landau-Zener theory and driven-dissipative dynamics of a staircase of photons. (arXiv:1809.07332v1 [cond-mat.quant-gas])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

We study the production of photons in a model of three bosonic atomic modes non-linearly coupled to a cavity mode. In absence of external driving and dissipation, the energy levels at different photon numbers assemble into the steps of an energy staircase which can be employed as guidance for preparing multi-photon states. We consider adiabatic photon production, driving the system through a sequence of Landau-Zener transitions in the presence of external coherent light pumping. We also analyse the non-equilibrium dynamics of the system in the presence of competing coherent drive and cavity photon losses, and we find that the number of produced photons relaxes to a well-resolved metastable plateau before a dynamical instability, inherent to the type of light-matter coupling considered in the system, takes over, signalling a departure from the photons' steady state attained at intermediate times. We discuss the sensitivity of the time scales for the onset of this instability to system parameters and predict the metastable value of photons produced, solving the driven-dissipative dynamics including three-body correlations between light and matter degrees of freedom.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Joint measurability meets Birkhoff-von Neumann's theorem. (arXiv:1809.07366v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

Quantum measurements can be interpreted as a generalisation of probability vectors, in which non-negative real numbers are replaced by positive semi-definite operators. We extrapolate this analogy to define a generalisation of doubly stochastic matrices that we call doubly normalised tensors (DNTs), and formulate a corresponding version of Birkhoff-von Neumann's theorem, which states that permutations are the extremal points of the set of doubly stochastic matrices. We prove that joint measurability arises as a mathematical feature of DNTs in this context, needed to establish a characterisation similar to Birkhoff-von Neumann's. Conversely, we also show that DNTs emerge naturally from a particular instance of a joint measurability problem, remarking its relevance in general operator theory.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Loss asymmetries in quantum travelling wave parametric amplifiers. (arXiv:1809.07418v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

We study theoretically how loss impacts the amplification and squeezing performance of a generic quantum travelling wave parametric amplifier. Unlike previous studies, we analyze how having different levels of loss at signal and idler frequencies can dramatically alter properties compared to the case of frequency-independent loss. We find that loss asymmetries increase the amplifier's added noise in comparison to the symmetric loss case. More surprisingly, even small levels of loss asymmetry can completely destroy any quantum squeezing of symmetric collective output quadratures, while nonetheless leaving the output state strongly entangled.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Quantum Computational Supremacy. (arXiv:1809.07442v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

The field of quantum algorithms aims to find ways to speed up the solution of computational problems by using a quantum computer. A key milestone in this field will be when a universal quantum computer performs a computational task that is beyond the capability of any classical computer, an event known as quantum supremacy. This would be easier to achieve experimentally than full-scale quantum computing, but involves new theoretical challenges. Here we present the leading proposals to achieve quantum supremacy, and discuss how we can reliably compare the power of a classical computer to the power of a quantum computer.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Trojan Quantum Walks. (arXiv:1809.07462v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

We investigate the transport properties and entanglement between spin and position of one-dimensional quantum walks starting from a qubit over position states following a delta-like (local state) and Gaussian (delocalized state) distributions. We find out that if the initial state is delocalized enough and a NOT gate reflects this state backwards, then the interference pattern extinguishes the position dispersion without prevent the propagation of the state. This effect allows the creation of a Trojan wave packet, a non-spreading and non-stationary double-peak quantum state.

Categories: Journals, Physics

The optimal strategy for photonic quantum tomography. (arXiv:1809.07521v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

Quantum tomography is an essential method of the photonic technology toolbox and is routinely used for evaluation of experimentally prepared states of light and characterization of devices transforming such states. A tomography procedure consists of many different sequentially performed measurements. We present a considerable tomography speedup by optimally arranging the individual constituent measurements, which is equivalent to solving an instance of the traveling salesman problem. As an example, we obtain exact solutions for photonic systems of up to five polarization-encoded qubits and conclude that already for systems of three or more qubits, the total duration of the tomography procedure can be halved. The reported speedup has been verified experimentally for quantum state tomography and also for full quantum process characterization up to six qubits, without resorting to any complexity reduction or simplification of the system of interest. Our approach is versatile and reduces the time of an input-output characterization of optical devices and various scattering processes as well.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Turning a molecule into a coherent two-level quantum system. (arXiv:1809.07526v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

Molecules are ubiquitous in natural phenomena and man-made products, but their use in quantum optical applications has been hampered by incoherent internal vibrations and other phononic interactions with their environment. We have now succeeded in turning an organic molecule into a coherent two-level quantum system by placing it in an optical microcavity. This allows several unprecedented observations such as 99\% extinction of a laser beam by a single molecule, saturation with less than 0.5 photon, and nonclassical generation of few-photon super-bunched light. Furthermore, we demonstrate efficient interaction of the molecule-microcavity system with single photons generated by a second molecule in a distant laboratory. Our achievements pave the way for linear and nonlinear quantum photonic circuits based on organic platforms.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Diffusive to non-ergodic dipolar transport in a dissipative atomic medium. (arXiv:1809.07532v1 [physics.atom-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

We investigate the dipole mediated transport of Rydberg impurities through an ultracold gas of atoms excited to an auxiliary Rydberg state. In one experiment we continuously probe the system by coupling the auxiliary Rydberg state to a rapidly decaying state which realizes a dissipative medium. In-situ imaging of the impurities reveals diffusive spreading controlled by the intensity of the probe laser. By preparing the same density of hopping partners but then switching off the dressing fields the spreading is effectively frozen. This is consistent with numerical simulations which indicate the coherently evolving system enters a non-ergodic extended phase due to disorder. This opens the way to study transport and localization phenomena in systems with long-range hopping and controllable dissipation.

Categories: Journals, Physics

On the Von Neumann Entropy of Graphs. (arXiv:1809.07533v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

The von Neumann entropy of a graph is a spectral complexity measure that has recently found applications in complex networks analysis and pattern recognition. Two variants of the von Neumann entropy exist based on the graph Laplacian and normalized graph Laplacian, respectively. Due to its computational complexity, previous works have proposed to approximate the von Neumann entropy, effectively reducing it to the computation of simple node degree statistics. Unfortunately, a number of issues surrounding the von Neumann entropy remain unsolved to date, including the interpretation of this spectral measure in terms of structural patterns, understanding the relation between its two variants, and evaluating the quality of the corresponding approximations.

In this paper we aim to answer these questions by first analysing and comparing the quadratic approximations of the two variants and then performing an extensive set of experiments on both synthetic and real-world graphs. We find that 1) the two entropies lead to the emergence of similar structures, but with some significant differences; 2) the correlation between them ranges from weakly positive to strongly negative, depending on the topology of the underlying graph; 3) the quadratic approximations fail to capture the presence of non-trivial structural patterns that seem to influence the value of the exact entropies; 4) the quality of the approximations, as well as which variant of the von Neumann entropy is better approximated, depends on the topology of the underlying graph.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Quantum computational universality of hypergraph states with Pauli-X and Z basis measurements. (arXiv:1809.07552v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

Measurement-based quantum computing is one of the most promising quantum computing models. Among various universal resource states proposed so far, the Union Jack state is the best in the sense that it requires only Pauli-$X$, $Y$, and $Z$ basis measurements. It was open whether only two Pauli bases are enough for universal measurement-based quantum computing. In this paper, we construct a universal hypergraph state that only requires $X$ and $Z$-basis measurements. We also show that the fidelity between a given state and our hypergraph state can be estimated in polynomial time using only $X$ and $Z$-basis measurements, which is useful for the verification of quantum computing. Furthermore, in order to demonstrate an advantage of our hypergraph state, we construct a verifiable blind quantum computing protocol that requires only $X$ and $Z$-basis measurements for the client.

Categories: Journals, Physics

High fidelity and strong robustness coherence population transfer through no-tunneling quasi-dynamic approach. (arXiv:1809.07579v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

Developing technologies to improve the fidelity of operations while keeping their robustness is a significantly important task for quantum control. Basing on the analogy of Landau-Zener tunnelling, here we theoretically propose a high fidelity and strong robustness coherent population transfer scheme which is depended on the energy gap. Numerically, we apply our scheme to two-level model and three-level $\Lambda$ model and find that in these cases the coherent population transfer have higher fidelity and stronger robustness than the existing that. Specifically, the case of the two-level case satisfies the threshold for fault-tolerant quantum computation and is obviously robust against parameter errors under the existing experiment conditions. And that, our method can be used to optimize widespread systems because of only one parameter needed to modified by a simple expression. Therefore, our work open a feasible way to realize the population transfer satisfing the fault-tolerant requirement.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Location of eigenvalues of three-dimensional non-self-adjoint Dirac operators. (arXiv:1809.07580v1 [math.SP])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

We prove the absence of eigenvaues of the three-dimensional Dirac operator with non-Hermitian potentials in unbounded regions of the complex plane under smallness conditions on the potentials in Lebesgue spaces. Our sufficient conditions are quantitative and easily checkable.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Log-anharmonic oscillator and its large-N solution. (arXiv:1809.07590v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

The large-N expansion technique is tested via an anomalous, soft-core potential which admits the tunneling through its central barrier. The precision of the approximation is found sensitive to the asymptotic component of the interaction. Once chosen in the most common harmonic-oscillator form, and once complemented by the short range part represented by the general power-law anharmonicity $\sim |x|^\alpha$, we found that the latter power-law spike may be well approximated by an elementary logarithmic function, in the limit of the smallest $\alpha \to 0$ at least. In such a model, the large-N method is found applicable and offering still an efficient and user-friendly method of the solution of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation.

Categories: Journals, Physics

High-speed Implementation of FFT-based Privacy Amplification on FPGA in Quantum Key Distribution. (arXiv:1809.07592v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

Privacy amplification (PA) is a vital procedure in quantum key distribution (QKD) to generate the secret key that the eavesdropper has only negligible information from the identical correcting key for the communicating parties. With the increase of repeat frequency of discrete-variable QKD (DV-QKD) system, the processing speed of PA has become the bottle neck restricting DV-QKD's secure key rate. The PA using Toeplitz-based Hash function is adopted widely because of its simplicity and parallel feature. Because this algorithm can be accelerated with Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), an improved scheme PA for Field-programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based on this is proposed. This paper improves the custom FFT-based algorithm by reducing the number of computations and read/write memory operations significantly. The correctness is verified when implemented in a Xilinx Virtex-6 FPGA. Meanwhile, the processing speed of improved scheme can nearly double the classical Toeplitz Hashing scheme on FPGA through the actual experiment.

Categories: Journals, Physics

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

We propose to manipulate the statistic properties of the photons transport nonreciprocally via quadratic optomechanical coupling. We present a scheme to generate quadratic optomechanical interactions in the normal optical modes of a whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optomechanical system by eliminating the linear optomechanical couplings via anticrossing of different modes. By optically pumping the WGM optomechanical system in one direction, the effective quadratic optomechanical coupling in that direction will be enhanced significantly, and nonreciprocal photon blockade will be observed consequently. Our proposal has potential applications for the on-chip nonreciprocal single-photon devices.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Generation of electron vortices using non-exact electric fields. (arXiv:1809.07613v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

Vortices in electron beams can manifest several types of topological phenomena, such as the formation of exotic structures or interactions with topologically structured electromagnetic fields. For instance, the wavefunction of an electron beam can acquire a phase vortex upon propagating through a magnetic monopole, which, in practice, provides a convenient method for generating electron vortex beams. Here, we show how an electric field must be structured in order to achieve a similar effect. We find that, much as in the case of magnetic fields, closed but not exact electric fields can produce electron vortex beams. We proceed by fabricating a versatile near-obstruction-free device that is designed to approximately produce such fields and we systematically study their influence on incoming electron beams. With such a single device, electron vortex beams that are defined by a wide range of topological charges can be produced by means of a slight variation of an applied voltage. For this reason, this device is expected to be important in applications that rely on the sequential generation and manipulation of different types of electron vortices.

Categories: Journals, Physics

Photon-antibunching in the fluorescence of statistical ensembles of emitters at an optical nanofiber-tip. (arXiv:1809.07621v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - 3 hours 3 min ago

This proposal investigates the photon-statistics of light emitted by a statistical ensemble of cold atoms excited by the near-field of an optical nanofiber tip. Dipole-dipole interactions of atoms at such short distance from each other suppress the simultaneous emission of more than one photon and lead to antibunching of photons. We consider a mean atom number on the order of one and deal with a poissonian mixture of one and two atoms including dipole-dipole interactions and collective decay. Time tracks of the atomic states are simulated in quantum Monte Carlo simulations from which the $g^{(2)}$-photon autocorrelation function is derived. The general results can be applied to any statistical ensemble of emitters that are interacting by dipole-dipole interactions.

Categories: Journals, Physics