## Physics

### Efficient production of large-scale optical Schrodinger cat states. (arXiv:1901.11258v2 [quant-ph] UPDATED)

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Mon, 2019-05-20 23:24

We present novel theory of effective realization of large-scale optical Schrodinger cat states.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Speeding-up a quantum refrigerator via counter-diabatic driving. (arXiv:1905.03480v2 [quant-ph] UPDATED)

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Mon, 2019-05-20 23:24

We study the application of a counter-diabatic driving (CD) technique to enhance the thermodynamic efficiency and power of a quantum Otto refrigerator based on a superconducting qubit coupled to two resonant circuits. Although the CD technique is originally designed to counteract non-adiabatic coherent excitations in isolated systems, we find that it also works effectively in the open system dynamics, improving the coherence-induced losses of efficiency and power. We compare the CD dynamics with its classical counterpart, and find a deviation that arises because the CD is designed to follow the energy eigenbasis of the original Hamiltonian, but the heat baths thermalize the system in a different basis. We also discuss possible experimental realizations of our model.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Reduced Density Matrix Functional Theory for Superconductors. (arXiv:1903.01516v2 [cond-mat.supr-con] UPDATED)

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Mon, 2019-05-20 23:24

We present an \textit{ab initio} theory for superconductors, based on a unique mapping between the statistical density operator at equilibrium, on the one hand, and the corresponding one-body reduced density matrix $\gamma$ and the anomalous density $\chi$, on the other. This new formalism for superconductivity yields the existence of a universal functional $\mathfrak{F}_\beta[\gamma,\chi]$ for the superconductor ground state, whose unique properties we derive. We then prove the existence of a Kohn-Sham system at finite temperature and derive the corresponding Bogoliubov-de Gennes-like single particle equations. By adapting the decoupling approximation from density functional theory for superconductors we bring these equations into a computationally feasible form. Finally, we use the existence of the Kohn-Sham system to extend the Sham-Schl\"uter connection and derive a first exchange-correlation functional for our theory. This reduced density matrix functional theory for superconductors has the potential of overcoming some of the shortcomings and fundamental limitations of density functional theory of superconductivity.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### A novel two-mode squeezed light based on double-pump phase-matching. (arXiv:1902.10293v2 [quant-ph] UPDATED)

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Mon, 2019-05-20 23:24

A novel two-mode non-degenerate squeezed light is generated based on a four-wave mixing (4WM) process driven by two pump fields crossing at a small angle. By exchanging the roles of the pump beams and the probe and conjugate beams, we have demonstrated the frequency-degenerate two-mode squeezed light with separated spatial patterns. Different from a 4WM process driven by one pump field, the refractive index of the corresponding probe field $n_{p}$ can be converted to a value that is greater than $1$ or less than $1$ by an angle adjustment. In the new region with $n_{p}<1$, the bandwidth of the gain is relatively large due to the slow change in the refractive index with the two-photon detuning. As the bandwidth is important for the practical application of a quantum memory, the wide-bandwidth intensity-squeezed light fields provide new prospects for quantum memories.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Quantum Reactivity: A Measure of Quantum Correlation. (arXiv:1902.02391v2 [quant-ph] UPDATED)

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Mon, 2019-05-20 23:24

Defining a robust measure of quantum correlation for multipartite states is an unresolved and challenging problem. Existing measures of quantum correlation are either not scalable or do not satisfy all the accepted properties of a measure of quantum correlation. We introduce a novel geometric measure of quantum correlation that we refer to as quantum reactivity. This measure is extendable to an arbitrary large number of qubits and satisfies the required properties of monotonicity and invariance under unitary operations. Our approach is based on generalization of Schumacher's singlet state triangle inequality that used an information geometry--based entropic distance. We define quantum reactivity as the familiar ratio of surface area to volume. To accomplish this, we use a generalization of information distance to area, volume and higher--dimensional volumes. We examine a spectrum of multipartite states (Werner, W, GHZ etc.) and demonstrate that the quantum reactivity measure is a monotonic function for quantum correlation which satisfies all the properties of a measure for quantum correlation, and provides an ordering of these quantum states as to their degree of correlation.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Pancharatnam-Berry phase in electromagnetic double-pinhole interference

Author(s): Antti Hannonen, Henri Partanen, Jani Tervo, Tero Setälä, and Ari T. Friberg

Young's two-beam interference and the Pancharatnam-Berry geometric phase constitute two landmark results in optical physics. Employing the spectral interference law of electromagnetic waves, we establish a general expression for the Pancharatnam-Berry phase in Young's two-pinhole setup. We show that...

[Phys. Rev. A 99, 053826] Published Mon May 20, 2019

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Surface transverse linear momenta accompanying the reflection and refraction of a paraxial light beam

Author(s): V. G. Fedoseyev

The reflection and transmission of a paraxial light beam carrying the spin and intrinsic orbital angular momenta (IOAMs) at a plane interface between two isotropic transparent media is considered. The surface transverse linear momenta (STLMs), i.e., the momenta that are localized near the interface ...

[Phys. Rev. A 99, 053827] Published Mon May 20, 2019

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Statistics of chaos in a bursting laser

Author(s): Wendson A. S. Barbosa, Edison J. Rosero, Jorge R. Tredicce, and José R. Rios Leite

We demonstrate experimentally how semiconductor lasers subjected to double optical feedback change the statistics of their chaotic spiking dynamics from Gaussian to long-tail power-law distributions associated to the emergency of bursting. These chaotic regimes, which are features of excitable compl...

[Phys. Rev. A 99, 053828] Published Mon May 20, 2019

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Classification of dark states in multilevel dissipative systems

Author(s): Daniel Finkelstein-Shapiro, Simone Felicetti, Thorsten Hansen, Tõnu Pullerits, and Arne Keller

Dark states are eigenstates or steady states of a system that are decoupled from the radiation. Their use, along with associated techniques such as stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, has extended from atomic physics, where it is an essential cooling mechanism, to more recent versions in the condens...

[Phys. Rev. A 99, 053829] Published Mon May 20, 2019

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Synopsis: A Record Number of Atoms Trapped in a Pattern

APS Physics - Mon, 2019-05-20 12:00

Researchers trap 111 neutral atoms in a predefined, defect-free motif using a new method that could, in the foreseeable future, control one million such atoms.

[Physics] Published Mon May 20, 2019

Categories: Physics

### Framework for covert and secret key expansion over classical-quantum channels

PRA: Quantum information - Mon, 2019-05-20 12:00

Author(s): Mehrdad Tahmasbi and Matthieu R. Bloch

Covert and secret quantum key distribution aims at generating information-theoretically secret bits between distant legitimate parties in a manner that remains provably undetectable by an adversary. We propose a framework in which to precisely define and analyze such an operation, and we show that c...

[Phys. Rev. A 99, 052329] Published Mon May 20, 2019

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Gradient-based optimal control of open quantum systems using quantum trajectories and automatic differentiation

PRA: Quantum information - Mon, 2019-05-20 12:00

Author(s): Mohamed Abdelhafez, David I. Schuster, and Jens Koch

We present a gradient-based optimal-control technique for open quantum systems that utilizes quantum trajectories to simulate the quantum dynamics during optimization. Using trajectories allows for optimizing open systems with less computational cost than the regular density matrix approaches in mos...

[Phys. Rev. A 99, 052327] Published Mon May 20, 2019

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Entanglement through qubit motion and the dynamical Casimir effect

PRA: Quantum information - Mon, 2019-05-20 12:00

Author(s): Andrés Agustí, Enrique Solano, and Carlos Sabín

We explore the interplay between acceleration radiation and the dynamical Casimir effect in the field of superconducting quantum technologies, analyzing the generation of entanglement between two qubits by means of the dynamical Casimir effect in several states of qubit motion. We show that the corr...

[Phys. Rev. A 99, 052328] Published Mon May 20, 2019

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Quantum chaos challenges many-body localization. (arXiv:1905.06345v1 [cond-mat.str-el])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Fri, 2019-05-17 20:45

Characterizing states of matter through the lens of their ergodic properties is a fascinating new direction of research. In the quantum realm, the many-body localization (MBL) was proposed to be the paradigmatic nonergodic phenomenon, which extends the concept of Anderson localization to interacting systems. At the same time, random matrix theory has established a powerful framework for characterizing the onset of quantum chaos and ergodicity (or the absence thereof) in quantum many-body systems. Here we study a paradigmatic class of models that are expected to exhibit MBL, i.e., disordered spin chains with Heisenberg-like interactions. Surprisingly, we observe that exact calculations show no evidence of approaching MBL while increasing disordered strength in the ergodic regime. Moreover, a scaling analysis suggests that quantum chaotic properties survive for any disorder strength in the thermodynamic limit. Our results are based on calculations of the spectral form factor, which provides a powerful measure for the emergence of many-body quantum chaos.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Number-State Preserving Tensor Networks as Classifiers for Supervised Learning. (arXiv:1905.06352v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Fri, 2019-05-17 20:45

We propose a restricted class of tensor network state, built from number-state preserving tensors, for supervised learning tasks. This class of tensor network is argued to be a natural choice for classifiers as (i) they map classical data to classical data, and thus preserve the interpretability of data under tensor transformations, (ii) they can be efficiently trained to maximize their scalar product against classical data sets, and (iii) they seem to be as powerful as generic (unrestricted) tensor networks in this task. Our proposal is demonstrated using a variety of benchmark classification problems, where number-state preserving versions of commonly used networks (including MPS, TTN and MERA) are trained as effective classifiers. This work opens the path for powerful tensor network methods such as MERA, which were previously computationally intractable as classifiers, to be employed for difficult tasks such as image recognition.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Extending the Quantum Coherence of a Near-Surface Qubit by Coherently Driving the Paramagnetic Surface Environment. (arXiv:1905.06405v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Fri, 2019-05-17 20:45

Surfaces enable useful functionalities for quantum systems, e.g. as interfaces to sensing targets, but often result in surface-induced decoherence where unpaired electron spins are common culprits. Here we show that the coherence time of a near-surface qubit is increased by coherent radio-frequency driving of surface electron spins, where we use a diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center as a model qubit. This technique is complementary to other methods of suppressing decoherence, and importantly, requires no additional materials processing or control of the qubit. Further, by combining driving with the increased magnetic susceptibility of the double-quantum basis we realize an overall fivefold sensitivity enhancement in NV magnetometry. Informed by our results, we discuss a path toward relaxation-limited coherence times for near-surface NV centers. The surface spin driving technique presented here is broadly applicable to a wide variety of qubit platforms afflicted by surface-induced decoherence.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Dipolar polaritons squeezed at unitarity. (arXiv:1905.06418v1 [cond-mat.quant-gas])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Fri, 2019-05-17 20:45

Interaction of dipolar polaritons can be efficiently tuned by means of a shape resonance in their excitonic component. Provided the resonance width is large, a squeezed population of strongly interacting polaritons may persist on the repulsive side of the resonance. The derived analytical expression for the polariton coupling constant reveals an excellent agreement with the puzzling experimental observations [I. Rosenberg et al., Sci. Adv. 4, 8880 (2018)]. Our arguments provide a new direction for the quest of interactions in quantum photonics.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### A Scalable Quantum Computing Platform Using Symmetric-Top Molecules. (arXiv:1905.06439v1 [physics.atom-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Fri, 2019-05-17 20:45

We propose a new scalable platform for quantum computing (QC) -- an array of optically trapped symmetric-top molecules (STMs) of the alkaline earth monomethoxide (MOCH$_3$) family. Individual STMs form qubits, and the system is readily scalable to 100 to 1000 qubits.STM qubits have desirable features for quantum computing compared to atoms and diatomic molecules. The additional rotational degree of freedom about the symmetric top axis gives rise to closely-spaced opposite parity $K$-doublets that allow full alignment at low electric fields, and the hyperfine structure naturally provides magnetically insensitive states with switchable electric dipole moments. These features lead to much reduced requirements for electric field control, provide minimal sensitivity to environmental perturbations, and allow for 2-qubit interactions that can be switched on at will. We examine in detail the internal structure of STMs relevant to our proposed platform, taking into account the full effective molecular Hamiltonian including hyperfine interactions, and identify useable STM qubit states. We then examine the effects of the electric dipolar interaction in STMs, which not only guide the designing of high-fidelity gates, but also elucidate the nature of dipolar spin-exchange in STMs. Under realistic experimental parameters, we estimate that the proposed QC platform could yield gate errors at the $10^{-3}$ level, approaching that required for fault-tolerant quantum computing.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Quantum Non-demolition Measurement of a Many-Body Hamiltonian. (arXiv:1905.06444v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Fri, 2019-05-17 20:45

An ideal quantum measurement collapses the wave function of a quantum system to an eigenstate of the measured observable, with the corresponding eigenvalue determining the measurement outcome. For a quantum non-demolition (QND) observable, i.e., one that commutes with the Hamiltonian generating the system's time evolution, repeated measurements yield the same result, corresponding to measurements with minimal disturbance. This concept applies universally to single quantum particles as well as to complex many-body systems. However, while QND measurements of systems with few degrees of freedom has been achieved in seminal quantum optics experiments, it is an open challenge to devise QND measurement of a complex many-body observable. Here, we describe how a QND measurement of the Hamiltonian of an interacting many-body system can be implemented in a trapped-ion analog quantum simulator. Through a single shot measurement, the many-body system is prepared in a narrow energy band of (highly excited) energy eigenstates, and potentially even a single eigenstate. Our QND scheme, which can be carried over to other platforms of quantum simulation, provides a novel framework to investigate experimentally fundamental aspects of equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical physics including the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) and quantum fluctuation relations.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Towards a Spectroscopic Protocol for Unambiguous Detection of Quantum Coherence in Excitonic Energy Transport. (arXiv:1905.06453v1 [quant-ph])

arXiv.org: Quantum Physics - Fri, 2019-05-17 20:45

The role of quantum effects in excitonic energy transport (EET) has been scrutinised intensely and with increasingly sophisticated experimental techniques. This increased complexity requires invoking correspondingly elaborate models to fit spectroscopic data before molecular parameters can be extracted. Possible quantum effects in EET can then be studied, but the conclusions are strongly contingent on the efficacy of the fitting and the accuracy of the model. To circumvent this challenge, we propose a witness for quantum coherence in EET that can be extracted directly from two-pulse pump-probe spectroscopy experimental data. We provide simulations to judge the feasibility of our approach. Somewhat counterintuitively, our protocol does not probe quantum coherence directly, but only indirectly through its implicit deletion. It allows for classical models with no quantum coherence to be decisively ruled out.

Categories: Journals, Physics