## arXiv.org: Quantum Physics

Quantum Physics (quant-ph) updates on the arXiv.org e-print archive
Updated: 3 hours 52 min ago

### Holographic Renyi Entropy at Large Energy Density. (arXiv:1811.04081v1 [hep-th])

3 hours 52 min ago

We show that Renyi entropies of subregions can be used to distinguish when the entire system is in a microcanonical ensemble from when it is in a canonical ensemble, at least in theories holographically dual to gravity. Simple expressions are provided for these Renyi entropies in a particular thermodynamic limit with the fractional size of the subregion held fixed and the energy density taken to be large. Holographically, the Renyi entropies are determined by the areas of cosmic branes inserted into the bulk spacetime. They differ between a microcanonical and a canonical ensemble because the two ensembles provide different boundary conditions for the gravitational theory under which cosmic branes lead to different backreacted geometries. This is in contrast to the von Neumann entropy which is more coarse-grained and does not differentiate microcanonical ensembles from canonical ensembles.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Binding Complexity and Multiparty Entanglement. (arXiv:1811.04085v1 [hep-th])

3 hours 52 min ago

We introduce "binding complexity", a new notion of circuit complexity which quantifies the difficulty of distributing entanglement among multiple parties, each consisting of many local degrees of freedom. We define binding complexity of a given state as the minimal number of quantum gates that must act between parties to prepare it. To illustrate the new notion we compute it in a toy model for a scalar field theory, using certain multiparty entangled states which are analogous to configurations that are known in AdS/CFT to correspond to multiboundary wormholes. Pursuing this analogy, we show that our states can be prepared by the Euclidean path integral in $(0+1)$-dimensional quantum mechanics on graphs with wormhole-like structure. We compute the binding complexity of our states by adapting the Euler-Arnold approach to Nielsen's geometrization of gate counting, and find a scaling with entropy that resembles a result for the interior volume of holographic multiboundary wormholes. We also compute the binding complexity of general coherent states in perturbation theory, and show that for "double-trace deformations" of the Hamiltonian the effects resemble expansion of a wormhole interior in holographic theories.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Quantum-enhanced standoff detection using correlated photon pairs. (arXiv:1811.04113v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We investigate the use of correlated photon pair sources for the improved quantum-level detection of a target in the presence of a noise background. Photon pairs are generated by spontaneous four-wave mixing, one photon from each pair (the herald) is measured locally while the other (the signal) is sent to illuminate the target. Following diffuse reflection from the target, the signal photons are detected by a receiver and non-classical timing correlations between the signal and herald are measured in the presence of a configurable background noise source. Quantum correlations from the photon pair source can be used to provide an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio when compared to a classical light source of the same intensity.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Many-Body Localization in Two Dimensions from Projected Entangled-Pair States. (arXiv:1811.04126v1 [cond-mat.dis-nn])

3 hours 52 min ago

Using projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) we analyze the localization properties of two-dimensional systems on a square lattice. We compare the dynamics found for three different disorder types: (i) quenched disorder, (ii) sum of two quasi-periodic potentials along both spatial dimensions and (iii) a single quasi-periodic potential rotated with respect to the underlying lattice by a given angle. We establish the rate of loss of information, a quantity measuring the error made while simulating the dynamics, as a good hallmark of localization physics by comparing to entanglement build-up as well as the inverse participation ratio in exactly solvable limits. We find that the disorder strength needed to localize the system increases both with the dimensionality of as well as the interaction strength in the system. The first two cases of potential (i) and (ii) behave similar, while case (iii) requires larger disorder strength to localize.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Experimental wavelength-space division multiplexing of quantum key distribution with classical optical communication over multicore fiber. (arXiv:1811.04198v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We demonstrate quantum key distribution (QKD) with classical signals in a seven-core fiber using dense wavelength division multiplexing. Quantum signals are transmitted in an outer core separately and intercore crosstalk (IC-XT) is the main impairment of them. In order to alleviate IC-XT, we propose a quantum-classical interleave scheme. Then the properties of IC-XT are analyzed based on the measurement results which indicate counter-propagation is a better co-existence method than co-propagation. Finally, we perform QKD experiments in the presence of two classical channels with a channel spacing of 100 GHz between quantum channel and the nearest classical channels. The experiment results prove counter-propagation almost immune to IC-XT, which is consistent with our analysis. Also, the feasibility of the transmission over the range of metropolitan area networks is validated with our scheme.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Rapid population transfer of a two-level system by a polychromatically driving field. (arXiv:1811.04207v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We propose a simple exact analytical solution for a model consisting of a two-level system and a polychromatically driving field. It helps us to realize a rapid complete population transfer from the ground state to the excited state, and the system can be stable at the excited state for an extremely long time. A combination of the mechanism and the Rydberg atoms successfully prepares the Bell state and multipartite $W$ state, and the experimental feasibility is discussed via the current experimental parameters. Finally, the simple exact analytical solution is generalized into a three-level system, which leads to a significant enhancement of the robustness against dissipation.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Properties of Noncommutative Renyi and Augustin Information. (arXiv:1811.04218v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

The scaled R\'enyi information plays a significant role in evaluating the performance of information processing tasks by virtue of its connection to the error exponent analysis. In quantum information theory, there are three generalizations of the classical R\'enyi divergence---the Petz's, sandwiched, and log-Euclidean versions, that possess meaningful operational interpretation. However, these scaled noncommutative R\'enyi informations are much less explored compared with their classical counterpart, and lacking crucial properties hinders applications of these quantities to refined performance analysis. The goal of this paper is thus to analyze fundamental properties of scaled R\'enyi information from a noncommutative measure-theoretic perspective. Firstly, we prove the uniform equicontinuity for all three quantum versions of R\'enyi information, hence it yields the joint continuity of these quantities in the orders and priors. Secondly, we establish the concavity in the region of $s\in(-1,0)$ for both Petz's and the sandwiched versions. This completes the open questions raised by Holevo [\href{https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/868501/}{\textit{IEEE Trans.~Inf.~Theory}, \textbf{46}(6):2256--2261, 2000}], Mosonyi and Ogawa [\href{https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-017-2928-4/}{\textit{Commun.~Math.~Phys}, \textbf{355}(1):373--426, 2017}]. For the applications, we show that the strong converse exponent in classical-quantum channel coding satisfies a minimax identity. The established concavity is further employed to prove an entropic duality between classical data compression with quantum side information and classical-quantum channel coding, and a Fenchel duality in joint source-channel coding with quantum side information in the forthcoming papers.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### On the foundations of quantum theory. (arXiv:1811.04245v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We draw systematic parallels between the measurement problem in quantum mechanics and the information loss problem in black holes. Then we proceed to propose a solution of the former along the lines of the solution of the latter which is based on the holographic gauge/gravity duality. The proposed solution is based on 1) the quantum dualism between the local view of reality provided by Copenhagen and the manifold view provided by the many-worlds and on 2) the properties of quantum entanglement in particular its fungibility.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### A new resource measure with respect to resource destroying maps. (arXiv:1811.04254v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We formulated a family of new resource measure if the resource can be characterized by a resource destroying map and the free operation should be also modified. Our measure is easy-calculating and applicable to the coherence resource theory as well as quantum asymmetry theory. The operational interpretation need to be further investigated.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Diamond optomechanical crystals with embedded nitrogen-vacancy centers. (arXiv:1811.04275v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

Hybrid quantum devices, in which disparate quantum elements are combined in order to achieve enhanced functionality, have received much attention in recent years due to their exciting potential to address key problems in quantum information processing, communication, and control. Specifically, significant progress has been made in the field of hybrid mechanical devices, in which a qubit is coupled to a mechanical oscillator. Strong coupling in such devices has been demonstrated with superconducting qubits, and coupling defect qubits to mechanical elements via crystal strain has enabled novel methods of qubit measurement and control. In this paper we demonstrate the fabrication of diamond optomechanical crystals with embedded nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, a preliminary step toward reaching the quantum regime with defect qubit hybrid mechanical devices. We measure optical and mechanical resonances of diamond optomechanical crystals as well as the spin coherence of single embedded NV centers. We find that the spin has long coherence times $T_2^* = 1.5 \mu s$ and $T_2 = 72 \mu s$ despite its proximity to nanofabricated surfaces. Finally, we discuss potential improvements of these devices and prospects for future experiments in the quantum regime.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Mimicking a hybrid-optomechanical system using an intrinsic quadratic coupling in conventional optomechanical system. (arXiv:1811.04285v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We consider an optical and mechanical mode interacting through both linear and quadratic dispersive couplings in a general cavity-optomechanical set-up. The parity and strength of an intrinsic quadratic optomechanical coupling (QOC) provides an opportunity to control the optomechanical (OM) interaction. We quantify this interaction by studying normal-mode splitting (NMS) as a function of the QOC's strength. The proposed scheme exhibits NMS features equivalent to a hybrid-OM system containing either an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) or a Kerr medium. Such a system in reality could offer an alternative platform for devising state-of-art quantum devices with requiring no extra degrees-of-freedom as in hybrid-OM systems.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Unconventional quantum optics in topological waveguide QED. (arXiv:1811.04390v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

3 hours 52 min ago

The discovery of topological materials has challenged our understanding of condensed matter physics and led to novel and unusual phenomena. This has motivated recent developments to export topological concepts into photonics to make light behave in exotic ways. Here, we predict several unconventional quantum optical phenomena that occur when quantum emitters interact with a topological waveguide QED bath, namely, the photonic analogue of the Su-Schrieffer-Hegger model. When the emitters frequency lies within the topological band-gap, a chiral bound state emerges, which is located at just one side (right or left) of the emitter. In the presence of several emitters, it mediates topological, long-range tunable interactions between them, that can give rise to exotic phases such as double N\'eel ordered states. On the contrary, when the emitters' optical transition is resonant with the bands, we find unconventional scattering properties and different super/subradiant states depending on the band topology. We also investigate the case of a bath with open boundary conditions to understand the role of topological edge states. Finally, we propose several implementations where these phenomena can be observed with state-of-the-art technology.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Powerful harmonic charging in quantum batteries. (arXiv:1811.04395v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We consider a classical harmonic driving field as the energy charger for the quantum batteries, which consist of an ensemble of two-level atoms. The maximum stored energy and the final state are derived analytically with the optimal driving frequency. At the end of charging procedure, each of atoms is in the upper state and the batteries are charging completely, which exhibits a substantial improvement over the square-wave charger. Involving the interatomic correlations, we find that the repulsive couplings show an advantage in achieving fully charging with shorter charging period. However, the attractive interactions induce a negative effects on the charging, since the ground state undergoes a quantum phase transition from a separable state to a doubly degenerate state. Approaching to the phase transition regime, the maximum stored energy drops sharply from the fully-charging value. The phase transition favors to suppress the charging of the battery and prevents the final state to be a separable state due to quantum fluctuations in our quantum batteries.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Switchable dynamics in the deep-strong-coupling regime. (arXiv:1811.04403v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We investigate theoretically the dynamics of the system that consists of a cascade three-level emitter interacting with a single-mode resonator in the deep-strong-coupling regime. We show that the dynamical evolution of the system can only occur in a certain parity chain decided by the initial state, in which the photon population and the initial state probability present periodic collapses and revivals. In particular, we find that the evolution of the dynamics can be controlled by feeding the time-control pulses into the system. Control pluses with specific arrival times can suddenly switch off and on the time evolutions of the system populations and initial state probability when the system is originally in a symmetry superposition state. Physically, the switch-off of the evolution originates from the symmetry-breaking of the state, i.e, $(|g0\rangle+|f0\rangle)/\sqrt{2}\rightarrow(|g0\rangle-|f0\rangle)/\sqrt{2}$. This work offers an all-optical approach to manipulate the dynamics of the system, which might have potential application in modern quantum technology.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Two-photon blockade in a cascaded cavity-quantum-electrodynamics system. (arXiv:1811.04405v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We investigate theoretically the model of a cavity-quantum-electrodynamics (QED) system that consists of two two-level atoms coupled to a single-mode cavity in the weak coupling regime, where the system is driven by quantum light. The dynamics behavior of the entire system is tackled in the framework of a cascaded quantum system. We find that the two-photon blockade with two-photon bunching and three-photon antibunching can be obtained even when the strong system dissipation is included. This result shows that our work has potential for realizing entangled photon pairs in a weakly coupled cavity. Moreover, we also analyze the photon statistics of the system in the case of out-of-resonance coupling between cavity and two nonidentical atoms. Here, an unconventional photon blockade effect with the suppression of two-photon correlation and enhancement of three-photon correlation can be realized, which shows many quantum statistical characteristics of cavity QED system in weak coupling.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Evaluating probabilistic programming languages for simulating quantum correlations. (arXiv:1811.04424v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

This article explores how probabilistic programming can be used to simulate quantum correlations in an EPR experimental setting. Probabilistic programs are based on standard probability which cannot produce quantum correlations. In order to address this limitation, a hypergraph formalism was programmed which both expresses the measurement contexts of the EPR experimental design as well as associated constraints. Four contemporary open source probabilistic programming frameworks were used to simulate an EPR experiment in order to shed light on their relative effectiveness from both qualitative and quantitative dimensions. We found that all four probabilistic languages successfully simulated quantum correlations. Detailed analysis revealed that no language was clearly superior across all dimensions, however, the comparison does highlight aspects that can be considered when using probabilistic programs to simulate experiments in quantum physics.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Rabi model with dispersive-type nonlinearity: Solutions, phase transitions, and spectra collapse. (arXiv:1811.04431v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

The generalized quantum Rabi model, where the linear dipole coupling and the nonlinear dispersive-type coupling are present on an equal footing, are studied within the Bogoliubov operators approach. Transcendental functions responsible for the exact solutions are derived in a compact way, much simpler than previous ones obtained in the Bargmann representation. The zeros of transcendental functions reproduce completely the regular spectra. In terms of the explicit pole structure of these functions, two kinds of exceptional eigenvalues are obtained and distinguished in a transparent manner. Very interestingly, a variety of novel physical phenomena arises in this generalized model. The first-order quantum phase transition indicated by level crossing of the ground state and the first excited state is induced by the positive nonlinear coupling. The discrete spectrum collapses into a continuous band when the absolute value of the nonlinear coupling strength approaches to twice the cavity frequency.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Estimating the radiative part of QED effects in systems with supercritical charge. (arXiv:1811.04467v1 [physics.atom-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

The effective interaction of the electron magnetic moment anomaly with the Coulomb field of superheavy nuclei is investigated by taking into account its dynamical screening at small distances. The shift of the electronic levels, caused by this interaction, is considered for H-like atoms and for compact nuclear quasi-molecules, non-perturbatively both in $Z\alpha$ and (partially) in $\alpha/\pi$. It is shown that the levels shift reveals a non-monotonic behavior in the region $Z\alpha>1$ and near the threshold of the lower continuum decreases both with the increasing the charge and with enlarging the size of the system of Coulomb sources. The last result is generalized to the total self-energy contribution to the levels shift and so to the possible behavior of radiative QED effects with virtual photon exchange near the lower continuum in the supercritical region.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Bose-Einstein Condensates as Gravitational Wave Detectors. (arXiv:1811.04468v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

We investigate a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) as a gravitational wave detector, and study its sensitivity by optimizing the properties of the condensate and the measurement duration. We show that detecting kilohertz gravitational waves is limited by current experimental techniques in squeezing BEC phonons, while at higher frequencies, decoherence due to phonon-phonon interaction gives the main limitation. Future improvements in technology to squeeze BEC states can make them competitive detectors for gravitational waves of astrophysical and/or cosmological origin.

Categories: Journals, Physics

### Finding the ground state of the Hubbard model by variational methods on a quantum computer with gate errors. (arXiv:1811.04476v1 [quant-ph])

3 hours 52 min ago

A key goal of digital quantum computing is the simulation of fermionic systems such as molecules or the Hubbard model. Unfortunately, for present and near-future quantum computers the use of quantum error correction schemes is still out of reach. Hence, the finite error rate limits the use of quantum computers to algorithms with a low number of gates. The variational Hamiltonian ansatz (VHA) has been shown to produce the ground state in good approximation in a manageable number of steps. Here we study explicitly the effect of gate errors on its performance. The VHA is inspired by the adiabatic quantum evolution under the influence of a time-dependent Hamiltonian, where the -- ideally short -- fixed Trotter time steps are replaced by variational parameters. The method profits substantially from quantum variational error suppression, e.g., unitary quasi-static errors are mitigated within the algorithm. We test the performance of the VHA when applied to the Hubbard model in the presence of unitary control errors on quantum computers with realistic gate fidelities.

Categories: Journals, Physics