QUROPE Quantum Information Processing and Communication in Europe

Contemporary understanding of correlations in quantum many-body systems and in quantum phase transitions is based to a large extent on the recent intensive studies of entanglement in many-body systems.

Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is a manifestation of quantum correlations exhibited by quantum systems that allows for entanglement certification when one of the subsystems is not characterized. Detecting the steerability of quantum states is essential to assess their suitability for quantum information protocols with partially trusted devices.

The discovery of postquantum nonlocality, i.e., the existence of nonlocal correlations that are stronger than any quantum correlations but nevertheless consistent with the no-signaling principle, has deepened our understanding of the foundations of quantum theory.

Quantum theory is not only successfully tested in laboratories every day but also constitutes a robust theoretical framework: small variations usually lead to implausible consequences, such as faster-than-light communication. It has even been argued that quantum theory may be special among possible theories.

The coherence power of a quantum channel, that is, its ability to increase the coherence of input states, is a fundamental concept within the framework of the resource theory of coherence. In this note we discuss various possible definitions of coherence power. Then we prove that the coherence power of a unitary operator acting on a qubit, computed with respect to the l1-coherence measure, can be calculated by maximizing its coherence gain over pure incoherent states.

We consider the Rabi Hamiltonian, which exhibits a quantum phase transition (QPT) despite consisting only of a single-mode cavity field and a two-level atom. We prove QPT by deriving an exact solution in the limit where the atomic transition frequency in the unit of the cavity frequency tends to infinity.

Phase transitions are commonly held to occur only in the thermodynamical limit of large number of system components. Here we exemplify at the hand of the exactly solvable Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model and its generalization to finite JC-lattices that finite component systems of coupled spins and bosons may exhibit quantum phase transitions (QPT).